Trigonometry · Radians and the unit circle

How to Evaluate sin 30 degrees on the Unit Circle

Problem

sin⁡30∘\sin 30^\circ

Answer

12\frac{1}{2}

The unit circle is a circle with radius 1. Every point on it has coordinates (cos theta, sin theta).

Step-by-step solution

  1. Find 30 degrees on the unit circle.

    30∘=π630^\circ = \frac{\pi}{6}

    Why: The unit circle labels angles in both degrees and radians.

  2. Read the y-coordinate of the point.

    sin⁡θ=y\sin\theta = y

    Why: The sine of an angle is the y-coordinate on the unit circle.

  3. Write the exact value.

    sin⁡30∘=12\sin 30^\circ = \frac{1}{2}

    Why: The point at 30 degrees is halfway up, so y is one half.

Common mistakes

  • Reading the x-coordinate. Sine uses y; cosine uses x.
  • Writing 30 instead of the ratio. Sine is a ratio, not an angle.
  • Using the wrong quadrant for angles over 90 degrees.

Practice problems

Use the same method. Work each problem on paper, then open the answer to check.

  1. sin⁡0∘\sin 0^\circ

    Show answer

    00

  2. sin⁡90∘\sin 90^\circ

    Show answer

    11

  3. cos⁡0∘\cos 0^\circ

    Show answer

    11

  4. cos⁡60∘\cos 60^\circ

    Show answer

    12\frac{1}{2}

  5. tan⁡45∘\tan 45^\circ

    Show answer

    11